Kim, Y, Kim, YK, Kim, JH et al. (3 more authors) (2018) Synthesis of functionalized porous montmorillonite via solid-state NaOH treatment for efficient removal of cesium and strontium ions. Applied Surface Science, 450. pp. 404-412. ISSN 0169-4332
Abstract
Solid-state NaOH treatment of montmorillonite clay was used to enhance the removal of Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺. Through this facile and low-cost modification, montmorillonite with a large BET surface area (117.1 m² g⁻¹) and many surface functional groups (SiONa), demonstrated enhanced sorption kinetics (89% removal for 40 mg L⁻¹ Cs⁺ and 23 mg L⁻¹ Sr²⁺ in 1 h) with a sorption capacity of 290.7 mg g⁻¹ for Cs⁺ and 184.8 mg g⁻¹ for Sr²⁺, greatly exceeding the low sorption capacity (137.0 mg g⁻¹ for Cs⁺ and 15.6 mg g⁻¹ for Sr²⁺) of pristine montmorillonite. SEM-EDS and XPS analyses revealed that Cs⁺ and Sr²⁺ were ion-exchanged with Na⁺ on the surface functional groups formed following NaOH treatment. The performance of NaOH-treated montmorillonite was stable following gamma-ray irradiation (at 6 Gy h⁻¹ for 30 min) and across a broad range of pHs (3 to 11), exhibiting a high distribution coefficient (Kd) of 1.5 × 103 mL g⁻¹ for Cs⁺ (1.58 mg L⁻¹) and 3.7 × 10³ mL g⁻¹ for Sr²⁺ (1.64 mg L⁻¹) under groundwater conditions where various cations including Na⁺, K⁺,, and Ca²⁺ (V/m = 1 L/g) were present. The proposed method demonstrated great improvement of the sorption capacity of an abundant and inexpensive montmorillonite.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2018 Elsevier B.V. This is an author produced version of a paper published in Applied Surface Science. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Montmorillonite; Alkaline treatment; Cesium; Strontium; Sorption |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Chemical & Process Engineering (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number EPSRC EP/M026426/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 08 Aug 2018 14:46 |
Last Modified: | 22 Apr 2019 00:45 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.04.181 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:134331 |