Carpenter, A orcid.org/0000-0002-1030-5866 (2019) Oil pollution in the North Sea: the impact of governance measures on oil pollution over several decades. Hydrobiologia, 845 (1). pp. 109-127. ISSN 1573-5117
Abstract
Oil pollution entering the marine environment has been an issue of concern for many decades. It can come from riverine or land-based sources, accidental and intentional discharges from ships, or as a
by-product of offshore oil extraction. Growing awareness of the impact of oil pollution on the marine environment has led, since the late 1960s, to the introduction of measures to reduce or eliminate pollution from shipping and the offshore oil industry. A framework for environmental protection of the North Sea has developed over many decades through
international agreements, regional cooperation, and national measures, while education has also played an important role with modern-day sailors being given due training to understand that dumping waste at sea is illegal in many areas, and is harmful to the marine environment. This paper presents data on trends in pollution from ships and oil installations. While significant reductions in oil pollution have been identified over more than two decades, there remain some areas where action is needed to reduce inputs still further, especially from oil and gas platforms.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Editors: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Author(s) 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. |
Keywords: | oil pollution; North Sea; environmental monitoring; environmental policy; regional cooperation; monitoring and surveillance |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 20 Mar 2018 12:41 |
Last Modified: | 28 Jan 2020 18:57 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Springer International Publishing |
Identification Number: | 10.1007/s10750-018-3559-2 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:128709 |
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