Ilee, JD, Forgan, DH, Evans, MG et al. (7 more authors) (2017) The chemistry of protoplanetary fragments formed via gravitational instabilities. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 472 (1). pp. 189-204. ISSN 0035-8711
Abstract
In this paper, we model the chemical evolution of a 0.25 M[sun] protoplanetary disc surrounding a 1 M[sun] star that undergoes fragmentation due to self-gravity. We use Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics including a radiative transfer scheme, along with time-dependent chemical evolution code to follow the composition of the disc and resulting fragments over approximately 4000 yrs. Initially, four quasi-stable fragments are formed, of which two are eventually disrupted by tidal torques in the disc. From the results of our chemical modelling, we identify species that are abundant in the fragments (e.g. H₂O, H₂S, HNO, N₂, NH₃, OCS, SO), species that are abundant in the spiral shocks within the disc (e.g. CO, CH₄, CN, CS, H₂CO), and species which are abundant in the circumfragmentary material (e.g. HCO⁺). Our models suggest that in some fragments it is plausible for grains to sediment to the core before releasing their volatiles into the planetary envelope, leading to changes in, e.g., the C/O ratio of the gas and ice components. We would therefore predict that the atmospheric composition of planets generated by gravitational instability should not necessarily follow the bulk chemical composition of the local disc material.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | (c) 2017, The Author(s). This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record, Ilee, JD, Forgan, DH, Evans, MG et al. (7 more authors) (2017) The chemistry of protoplanetary fragments formed via gravitational instabilities. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 472 (1). pp. 189-204. ISSN 0035-8711 is available online at: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1966 |
Keywords: | hydrodynamics; astrochemistry; protoplanetary discs; planets and satellites: formation; planets and satellites: composition |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Physics and Astronomy (Leeds) > Astrophysics (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number EU - European Union 320620 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2017 15:12 |
Last Modified: | 05 Dec 2017 01:20 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Identification Number: | 10.1093/mnras/stx1966 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:119635 |