Brookes, SJ orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-7311, Barron, MJ, Smith, CEL orcid.org/0000-0001-8320-5105 et al. (7 more authors) (2017) Amelogenesis Imperfecta caused by N-Terminal Enamelin Point Mutations in Mice and Men is driven by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Human Molecular Genetics, 26 (10). pp. 1863-1876. ISSN 0964-6906
Abstract
‘Amelogenesis imperfecta’ (AI) describes a group of inherited diseases of dental enamel that have major clinical impact. Here, we identify the aetiology driving AI in mice carrying a p.S55I mutation in enamelin; one of the most commonly mutated proteins underlying AI in humans. Our data indicate that the mutation inhibits the ameloblast secretory pathway leading to ER stress and an activated unfolded protein response (UPR). Initially, with the support of the UPR acting in pro-survival mode, Enam(p.S55I) heterozygous mice secreted structurally normal enamel. However, enamel secreted thereafter was structurally abnormal; presumably due to the UPR modulating ameloblast behaviour and function in an attempt to relieve ER stress. Homozygous mutant mice failed to produce enamel. We also identified a novel heterozygous ENAM(p.L31R) mutation causing AI in humans. We hypothesize that ER stress is the aetiological factor in this case of human AI as it shared the characteristic phenotype described above for the Enam(p.S55I) mouse. We previously demonstrated that AI in mice carrying the Amelx(p.Y64H) mutation is a proteinopathy. The current data indicate that AI in Enam(p.S55I) mice is also a proteinopathy, and based on comparative phenotypic analysis, we suggest that human AI resulting from the ENAM(p.L31R) mutation is another proteinopathic disease. Identifying a common aetiology for AI resulting from mutations in two different genes opens the way for developing pharmaceutical interventions designed to relieve ER stress or modulate the UPR during enamel development to ameliorate the clinical phenotype.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Authors 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Dentistry (Leeds) > Oral Biology (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Dentistry (Leeds) > Oral Surgery (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 15 Mar 2017 17:19 |
Last Modified: | 25 Jan 2021 15:29 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddx090 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Identification Number: | 10.1093/hmg/ddx090 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:113592 |