Centenary paper: Landscape planning - preservation, conservation and sustainable development

Landscape planning has traditionally been concerned with an agenda of protection, amenity and ornament. This focus has been important, but has remained peripheral to mainstream spatial planning. Building on an influential but partial set of practices, the latter 20th century saw landscape planning mature into a domain with coherent purposes and techniques. In the first part of the 21st century, landscape planning has identified more strongly with the core concerns of spatial planning. Through innovations such as the European Landscape Convention, landscape has become increasingly central to matters of sustainability and place-making across both urban and rural realms.