Dainese, M, Isaac, NJB, Powney, GD et al. (11 more authors) (2017) Land-use simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe. Global Change Biology, 23 (8). pp. 3040-3051. ISSN 1354-1013
Abstract
Land-use change is one of the primary drivers of species loss, yet little is known about its effect on other components of biodiversity that may be at risk, such as local associations between trophic levels. Here, we ask whether, and to what extent, landscape simplification, measured as the percentage of arable land in the landscape, disrupts the functional and phylogenetic association between plants and primary consumers. Across seven European regions, we inferred the potential associations (functional and phylogenetic) between host plants and butterflies in 561 semi-natural grasslands. Local plant diversity showed a strong bottom-up effect on butterfly diversity in the most complex landscapes, but this effect disappeared in simple landscapes. The functional associations between plant and butterflies are, therefore, the results of processes that act not only locally but are also dependent on the surrounding landscape context. Similarly, landscape simplification reduced the phylogenetic congruence among host plants and butterflies indicating that closely related butterfly species are more generalist in the potential resource lineages used. These processes occurred without any detectable change in species richness of plants or butterflies along the gradient of arable land. The structural properties of ecosystems are experiencing substantial erosion, with potentially pervasive effects on ecosystem functions and future evolutionary trajectories. Loss of interacting species might trigger cascading extinction events and reduce the stability of trophic interactions, as well as influence the longer-term resilience of ecosystem functions. This underscores a growing realization that species richness is a crude and insensitive metric and that both functional and phylogenetic associations, measured across multiple trophic levels, are likely to provide far deeper insights into the resilience of ecosystems, and the functions they provide.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Dainese, M., Isaac, N. J. B., Powney, G. D., Bommarco, R., Öckinger, E., Kuussaari, M., Pöyry, J., Benton, T. G., Gabriel, D., Hodgson, J. A., Kunin, W. E., Lindborg, R., Sait, S. M. and Marini, L. (2016), Landscape simplification weakens the association between terrestrial producer and consumer diversity in Europe. Glob Change Biol., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13601. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. |
Keywords: | co-evolution; ecosystem resilience; functional traits; habitat loss; herbivory; host specialization; land-use change; phylogenetic diversity; plant-insect interactions; trophic associations |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Biological Sciences (Leeds) > School of Biology (Leeds) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 02 Dec 2016 12:52 |
Last Modified: | 19 Dec 2017 01:38 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13601 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Identification Number: | 10.1111/gcb.13601 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:108853 |