Duffy, R. (2015) Nature-based tourism and neoliberalism: concealing contradictions. Tourism Geographies, 17 (4). pp. 529-543. ISSN 1461-6688
Abstract
Tourism, including nature-based tourism, simultaneously produces and conceals the contradictions of capitalism. This is because it relies on creating attractions, or new sources of accumulation from the very crises it produces. Nature-based tourism is promoted as a ‘win-win’ that can resolve the contradiction between continual economic growth and finite natural resources. This is made possible via a process of neoliberalising nature, which cuts the threads that bind ecosystems together, so that the constituent parts can be transformed into new commodities. To draw out these broad arguments, this paper firstly examines the claims around tourism as ‘green economy’ – which proponents claim can produce environmentally sustainable economic growth – a benefit also associated with nature-based tourism. I also show that this can be regarded as simply the latest version of an existing debate rather than offering a new interpretation. This is explored further via a comparative analysis of how tourism neoliberalises nature at the scales of the individual animal (elephant trekking in Thailand) and the landscape (by global networks of NGOs operating in Madagascar). In the case of neoliberalisation of nature at the individual animal scale, the notion of bodily fix is also important. It is not just the elephants that are primed for commodity capture, it is the emotional experience of close interactions with elephants which is commodified. Such changes reshape societal relations with nature, but in uneven and incomplete ways. This is underlined by a discussion of the case of the Durban Vision Initiative in Madagascar – which reveals how neoliberalisation was incomplete as a result of its encounter with local level materialities.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2015 Taylor and Francis. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Tourism Geographies. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | ecotourism; green economy; neoliberalising nature; Madagascar; Thailand; conservation; elephants; capitalism; nature-based tourism. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Social Sciences (Sheffield) > Department of Politics and International Relations (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 16 Nov 2016 10:16 |
Last Modified: | 09 Jan 2017 13:35 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2015.1053972 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Taylor & Francis (Routledge): SSH Titles |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1080/14616688.2015.1053972 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:107455 |