Delgadillo, Jaime, Böhnke, Jan R orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-1870, Hughes, Elizabeth orcid.org/0000-0002-4480-0806 et al. (1 more author) (2016) Disentangling psychopathology, substance use and dependence:a factor analysis. BMC Psychiatry. ISSN 1471-244X
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The notion that substance use can induce symptoms of depression and anxiety is influential in clinical practice, however questions remain about the empirical support for this hypothesis. METHODS: We analysed mental health and substance dependence screening records for 280 outpatients in addictions treatment. Item-level data for depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), severity of dependence (SDS) and self-reported weekly substance use were studied using factor analysis and correlations. Symptom-level associations between substance use and psychological distress symptoms were examined after controlling for underlying levels of psychopathology. RESULTS: We obtained a two-factor solution accounting for approximately 48 % of total variance. Depression and anxiety symptoms loaded onto a single psychopathology factor. Severity of dependence (SDS) and substance use measures loaded onto a distinct but correlated factor. After controlling for latent levels of psychopathology, the only remaining symptom-level associations were impaired concentration linked to cannabis use and irritability linked to alcohol use. Dependence (SDS) was prominently associated with depressive rumination, and negatively correlated with residual anxiety symptoms related to substance use (e.g., craving). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this analysis supports a psychological understanding of comorbidity; with dependence, craving, negative reinforcement and rumination as key variables.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016, The Author(s). |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Health Sciences (York) The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Hull York Medical School (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 14 Oct 2016 14:26 |
Last Modified: | 17 Dec 2024 00:07 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-016-0988-1 |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1186/s12888-016-0988-1 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:106033 |
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