Preston, N orcid.org/0000-0001-8429-7320, Horton, M orcid.org/0000-0002-6675-7335, Levesley, M et al. (2 more authors) (2018) Development of a parent‐reported questionnaire evaluating upper limb activity limitation in children with cerebral palsy. Physiotherapy Research International, 23 (1). 1684. ISSN 1358-2267
Abstract
Background and purpose: Upper limb activity measures for children with cerebral palsy have a number of limitations, for example, lack of validity and poor responsiveness. To overcome these limitations, we developed the Children's Arm Rehabilitation Measure (ChARM), a parent‐reported questionnaire validated for children with cerebral palsy aged 5–16 years. This paper describes both the development of the ChARM items and response categories and its psychometric testing and further refinement using the Rasch measurement model. Methods: To generate valid items for the ChARM, we collected goals of therapy specifically developed by therapists, children with cerebral palsy, and their parents for improving activity limitation of the upper limb. The activities, which were the focus of these goals, formed the basis for the items. Therapists typically break an activity into natural stages for the purpose of improving activity performance, and these natural orders of achievement formed each item's response options. Items underwent face validity testing with health care professionals, parents of children with cerebral palsy, academics, and lay persons. A Rasch analysis was performed on ChARM questionnaires completed by the parents of 170 children with cerebral palsy from 12 hospital paediatric services. The ChARM was amended, and the procedure repeated on 148 ChARMs (from children's mean age: 10 years and 1 month; range: 4 years and 8 months to 16 years and 11 months; 85 males; Manual Ability Classification System Levels I = 9, II = 26, III = 48, IV = 45, and V = 18). Results: The final 19‐item unidimensional questionnaire displayed fit to the Rasch model (chi‐square p = .18), excellent reliability (person separation index = 0.95, α = 0.95), and no floor or ceiling effects. Items showed no response bias for gender, distribution of impairment, age, or learning disability. Discussion: The ChARM is a psychometrically sound measure of upper limb activity validated for children with cerebral palsy aged 5–16 years. The ChARM is freely available for use to clinicians and nonprofit organisations.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2017 The Authors. Physiotherapy Research International Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | cerebral palsy; measurement; paediatrics; Rasch; upper limb function |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Medicine (Leeds) > Institute of Rheumatology & Musculoskeletal Medicine (LIRMM) (Leeds) > Rehabilitation Medicine (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Medicine and Health (Leeds) > School of Psychology (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number Department of Health NICK PRESTON |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 10 Oct 2016 13:53 |
Last Modified: | 23 Jun 2023 22:14 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Wiley |
Identification Number: | 10.1002/pri.1684 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:105698 |
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