Matharu, Avtar S. orcid.org/0000-0002-9488-565X, Houghton, Joseph A., Lucas-Torres, Covadonga et al. (1 more author) (2016) Acid-free microwave-assisted hydrothermal extraction of pectin and porous cellulose from mango peel waste-towards a zero waste mango biorefinery:Towards a Zero Waste Mango Biorefinery. Green Chemistry. pp. 5280-5287. ISSN 1463-9270
Abstract
Mango is the second most consumed tropical fruit after banana and the by-products of mango processing (peel, kernel and seed) roughly comprise 35-60% of the total fruit weight, thus representing a potentially high volume resource of exploitable biobased chemicals and materials. Herein, conversion and characterisation of waste mango peels from three different cultivars (Alphonso, Honey and Tommy Atkins) into pectin and porous cellulose using low temperature microwave-assisted acid-free hydrolytic conditions is reported. Microwave-assisted acid-free extraction yielded up to 11.63% (dry weight basis) of pectin which was characterised by IR, NMR (both solution and solid phase) and TGA which showed close similarity to commercial (acid extracted) pectin. The degree of esterification of pectin was determined by 13C NMR (75.6-86.2%) and titrimetry (79.3-87.7%) and the pectin showed excellent gelling ability. The molecular weight as determined by GPC was in the range 14130 (Honey)-25540 (Tommy Atkins). Porosity measurements on the depectinated residue, i.e., residual cellulosic matter showed mesoporous characteristics: average pore diameter, 9.3 nm (Alphonso)-10.5 nm (Honey), however with poor surface area 16.3 m2 g-1 (Honey)-26.0 m2 g-1. Interestingly, a second microwave hydrothermal treatment on these residues retained mesoporosity whilst significantly increasing surface area (88.8 m2 g-1 (Honey)-124.0 m2 g-1 (Alphonso)) and pore volume by approximately six-fold. This is the first detailed combined study of microwave-assisted extraction to yield pectin and mesoporous cellulose towards a potential zero waste mango biorefinery.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © RSC 2016. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Chemistry (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 16 Sep 2016 12:53 |
Last Modified: | 16 Oct 2024 13:15 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1039/c6gc01178k |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1039/c6gc01178k |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:104847 |
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