Grier, A orcid.org/0000-0003-1044-3166, Dean, P orcid.org/0000-0002-3950-4359, Valavanis, A orcid.org/0000-0001-5565-0463 et al. (14 more authors) (2016) Origin of terminal voltage variations due to self-mixing in terahertz frequency quantum cascade lasers. Optics Express, 24 (19). pp. 21948-21956. ISSN 1094-4087
Abstract
We explain the origin of voltage variations due to self-mixing in a terahertz (THz) frequency quantum cascade laser (QCL) using an extended density matrix (DM) approach. Our DM model allows calculation of both the current–voltage (I–V) and optical power characteristics of the QCL under optical feedback by changing the cavity loss, to which the gain of the active region is clamped. The variation of intra-cavity field strength necessary to achieve gain clamping, and the corresponding change in bias required to maintain a constant current density through the heterostructure is then calculated. Strong enhancement of the self-mixing voltage signal due to non-linearity of the (I–V) characteristics is predicted and confirmed experimentally in an exemplar 2.6 THz bound-to-continuum QCL.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | Published by The Optical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. |
Keywords: | Terahertz imaging; Interferometry; Semiconductor lasers, quantum cascade |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Electronic & Electrical Engineering (Leeds) > Pollard Institute (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number EPSRC EP/J002356/1 Royal Society WM110032 EPSRC EP/J017671/1 Royal Society WM150029 EU - European Union 633054 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 17 Aug 2016 09:26 |
Last Modified: | 12 Dec 2024 14:13 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.24.021948 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Optical Society of America |
Identification Number: | 10.1364/OE.24.021948 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:103815 |