Solomon, S, Ivy, DJ, Kinnison, D et al. (3 more authors) (2016) Emergence of healing in the Antarctic ozone layer. Science, 353 (6296). pp. 269-274. ISSN 0036-8075
Abstract
Industrial chlorofluorocarbons that cause ozone depletion have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol. A chemically driven increase in polar ozone (or “healing”) is expected in response to this historic agreement. Observations and model calculations together indicate that healing of the Antarctic ozone layer has now begun to occur during the month of September. Fingerprints of September healing since 2000 include (i) increases in ozone column amounts, (ii) changes in the vertical profile of ozone concentration, and (iii) decreases in the areal extent of the ozone hole. Along with chemistry, dynamical and temperature changes have contributed to the healing but could represent feedbacks to chemistry. Volcanic eruptions have episodically interfered with healing, particularly during 2015, when a record October ozone hole occurred after the Calbuco eruption.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science. This is the author’s version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science on 15 Jul 2016: Vol. 353, Issue 6296, DOI: 10.1126/science.aae0061. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds |
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > Inst for Climate & Atmos Science (ICAS) (Leeds) The University of Leeds > Faculty of Environment (Leeds) > School of Earth and Environment (Leeds) > National Centre for Atmos Science (NCAS) (Leeds) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number NERC (Natural Environment Research Council) NE/N006038/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications |
Date Deposited: | 05 Jul 2016 11:47 |
Last Modified: | 10 Mar 2020 11:59 |
Published Version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aae0061 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
Identification Number: | 10.1126/science.aae0061 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:101876 |