Alwehaibi, Abdulrahman S., MacQuarrie, Duncan J. orcid.org/0000-0003-2017-7076 and Stark, Moray S. orcid.org/0000-0002-2175-2055 (2016) Effect of spruce-derived phenolics extracted using microwave enhanced pyrolysis on the oxidative stability of biodiesel. Green Chemistry. pp. 2762-2774. ISSN 1463-9262
Abstract
An investigation has been carried out to characterize and evaluate phenolic compounds of bio-oils produced by the microwave enhanced pyrolysis of spruce woodchips (picea abies) for their potential application in stabilizing biodiesel from autoxidation. Four extracts were isolated from the bio-oil through multi-fractionation steps using a liquid-liquid extraction method: water-soluble, neutral, phenolic and organic acids extracts. The crude bio-oil and the isolated extracts were characterized by GC-MS, GC-FID, total phenols by Folin-Ciocalteu assay, ATR-IR and 13C NMR. The antioxidative effect of the crude bio-oil, its isolated extracts and two significant phenolic components (eugenol and catechol) of the crude bio-oil were also investigated using methyl linoleate as a biodiesel model by means of a high temperature (120°C) oxidation test. The results show that methyl linoleate induction time increased after blending small amounts (1.4-5.6% w/w) of either the crude bio-oil or the isolated extracts. However, the crude bio-oil showed higher induction times in comparison with its isolated extracts, which was significant because the crude bio-oil contained a lower concentration of phenolic species (23% w/w), especially in comparison to the phenolic concentration in the phenolic extract (49.6% w/w). Furthermore, catechol was found to be very effective and was similar to crude bio-oil in the inhibition of methyl linoleate autoxidation, unlike eugenol, which was less effective at equivalent molar concentrations. Also, the effect of catechol and the crude bio-oil on methyl linoleate induction time was approximately comparable with a commercial antioxidant (butylated hydroxytoluene) when treated at equivalent molar concentration of phenols.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016, The Royal Society of Chemistry. This is an author-produced version of the published paper. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher’s self-archiving policy. Further copying may not be permitted; contact the publisher for details |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of York |
Academic Units: | The University of York > Faculty of Sciences (York) > Chemistry (York) |
Depositing User: | Pure (York) |
Date Deposited: | 11 Jul 2016 13:37 |
Last Modified: | 23 Jan 2025 00:07 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1039/c5gc02520f |
Status: | Published |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1039/c5gc02520f |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:101623 |
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