A joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT analysis of gravitational-wave candidates from the third gravitational-wave observing run

Abstract

We present Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (Fermi-GBM) and Swift Burst Alert Telescope (Swift-BAT) searches for gamma-ray/X-ray counterparts to gravitational-wave (GW) candidate events identified during the third observing run of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. Using Fermi-GBM onboard triggers and subthreshold gamma-ray burst (GRB) candidates found in the Fermi-GBM ground analyses, the Targeted Search and the Untargeted Search, we investigate whether there are any coincident GRBs associated with the GWs. We also search the Swift-BAT rate data around the GW times to determine whether a GRB counterpart is present. No counterparts are found. Using both the Fermi-GBM Targeted Search and the Swift-BAT search, we calculate flux upper limits and present joint upper limits on the gamma-ray luminosity of each GW. Given these limits, we constrain theoretical models for the emission of gamma rays from binary black hole mergers.

Metadata

Item Type:	Article
Authors/Creators:	Fletcher, C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0186-3313 Wood, J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9012-2463 Hamburg, R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0761-6388 Veres, P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-9846 Hui, C.M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0468-6025 Bissaldi, E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9935-8106 Briggs, M.S. Burns, E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-3379 Cleveland, W.H. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3480-8251 Giles, M.M. Goldstein, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0587-7042 Hristov, B.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9556-7576 Kocevski, D. Lesage, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8058-9684 Mailyan, B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2531-3703 Malacaria, C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0380-0041 Poolakkil, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6269-0452 von Kienlin, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-5916 Wilson-Hodge, C.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8585-0084 Crnogorčević, M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7604-1779 DeLaunay, J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5229-1995 Tohuvavohu, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2810-8764 Caputo, R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9280-836X Cenko, S.B. Laha, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2714-0487 Parsotan, T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-2517 Abbott, R. Abe, H. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-0767 Adhikari, N. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4559-8427 Adhikari, R.X. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5731-5076 Adkins, V.K. Adya, V.B. Affeldt, C. Agarwal, D. Agathos, M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9072-1121 Agatsuma, K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3952-5985 Aggarwal, N. 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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2024. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Keywords:	Nuclear and Plasma Physics; Astronomical Sciences; Physical Sciences
Dates:	Published (online): 27 March 2024 Published: 1 April 2024
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield)
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	02 Apr 2024 15:22
Last Modified:	02 Apr 2024 15:22
Status:	Published
Publisher:	American Astronomical Society
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad1eed

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A joint Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT analysis of gravitational-wave candidates from the third gravitational-wave observing run

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