Modelling, control design, and analysis of the inner control's loops intended for single‐phase voltage‐controlled inverter‐based microgrid

In voltage-controlled voltage source inverters (VSIs)-based microgrids (MGs), the inner control is of prime interest task for guaranteeing safe and stable operation. In this paper, an in-depth investigation of the modelling, control design, and analysis of the voltage and current inner control loops intended for single-phase voltage-controlled VSIs is established. The main objective of this work is to provide a comprehensive study of the mathematical modelling, control design, and performance evaluation of the inner control's loops considering different proportional-integral (PI) controller types with and without compensation, and to determine the optimal scheme that can offer better performance in terms of implementation simplicity, robustness, and transient and steady-state responses. Thus, the mathematical closed-loop models of designed outer voltage and inner current control schemes based on PI, P, and feedforward controllers with and without compensation are, first, derived. Following this, a systematic and effective control design for tuning the different PI controllers’ parameters is proposed. Furthermore, an analysis revealing the performance of the designed voltage and current control schemes is provided. This analysis enables us to choose a P controller and PI feedforward controller for the current control loop and the voltage control loop, respectively. The chosen P and PI controllers should be simple; meanwhile, they should offer a wide bandwidth. A simulation study is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink software to assess the performance of the adopted inner control scheme for both linear and non-linear loads. In addition, an experimental setup, based on a TMS320F2837xD μC, of a single-phase VSI supplying linear and non-linear loads is built to verify the effectiveness and the robustness of the adopted inner controller. The results demonstrated: (1) the necessity of introducing the compensation term, which is responsible for offering control improvement against voltage perturbation, (2) the high tracking performance of the chosen controller in terms of dynamic and steady-state responses as well as its simplicity of implementation.