Use of comparative research in the study of chemistry education: A systematic analysis of the literature

Comparative research can help identify the similarities of and differences in different contexts, enabling us to recognize more possibilities and strategies of enhancing our understanding of different aspects of education. To review and analyse the current status of using comparative research designs in chemistry education research, a Boolean keyword search in Scopus and Web of Science has been performed to retrieve articles published from January 2016 to February 2023. In total 7682 entries have been retrieved, but less than 0.01 % of them have applied comparative research in addressing issues of chemistry education. Twelve of the retrieved articles have met the inclusion criteria for further analysis. Though comparative research has been found to be used by over 65 % of the analysed articles to study teaching and learning in chemistry education, its application in curriculum development and student development has been demonstrated by some analysed studies. In addition, 75 % of the analysed articles have declared being funded by local and/or national funding sources. This suggests that the importance of comparative research in chemistry education has been recognized at the national level in various countries. It is hoped that the opportunities brought about by comparative research designs as revealed in this article can enhance the varieties and possibilities in chemistry education research in the forthcoming future.