Wu, F, Chu, X, Du, L et al. (6 more authors) (2022) First Simultaneous Lidar Observations of Thermosphere-Ionosphere Sporadic Ni and Na (TISNi and TISNa) Layers (∼105–120 km) Over Beijing (40.42°N, 116.02°E). Geophysical Research Letters, 49 (16). e2022GL100397. ISSN 0094-8276
Abstract
We report the first simultaneous lidar observations of thermosphere-ionosphere sporadic nickel and Na (TISNi and TISNa) layers in altitudes ∼105–120 km over Yanqing (40.42°N, 116.02°E), Beijing. From two years of data spanning April 2019 to April 2020 and July 2020 to June 2021, TISNi layers in May and June possess high densities with a maximum of 818 cm−3 on 17 May 2021, exceeding the density of main layer peak (∼85 km) by ∼4 times. They correlate with strong sporadic E layers observed nearby. TISNa layers occur at similar altitudes as TISNi with spatial-temporal correlation coefficients of ∼1. The enrichment of Ni in TISNi is evident as the [TISNi]/[TISNa] column abundance ratios are ∼1, about 10 times the main layer [Ni]/[Na] ratios. These results are largely explained by neutralization of converged Ni+ and Na+ ions via recombination with electrons. Calculations show direct recombination dominating over dissociative recombination above ∼105 km.
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) | ||||
Keywords: | lidar; metal layer; thermosphere-ionosphere; sporadic metal layers; direct recombination; sporadic E layer | ||||
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Leeds | ||||
Academic Units: | The University of Leeds > Faculty of Engineering & Physical Sciences (Leeds) > School of Chemistry (Leeds) > Physical Chemistry (Leeds) | ||||
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Depositing User: | Symplectic Publications | ||||
Date Deposited: | 25 Aug 2022 14:51 | ||||
Last Modified: | 25 Jun 2023 23:05 | ||||
Status: | Published | ||||
Publisher: | Wiley | ||||
Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100397 |