Population properties of compact objects from the second LIGO–Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog

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Authors/Creators:	Abbott, R Abbott, TD Abraham, S Acernese, F Ackley, K Adams, A Adams, C Adhikari, RX Adya, VB Affeldt, C Agathos, M Agatsuma, K Aggarwal, N Aguiar, OD Aiello, L Ain, A Ajith, P Allen, G Allocca, A Altin, PA Amato, A Anand, S Ananyeva, A Anderson, SB Anderson, WG Angelova, SV Ansoldi, S Antelis, JM Antier, S Appert, S Arai, K Araya, MC Areeda, JS Arène, M Arnaud, N Aronson, SM Arun, KG Asali, Y Ascenzi, S Ashton, G Aston, SM Astone, P Aubin, F Aufmuth, P AultONeal, K Austin, C Avendano, V Babak, S Badaracco, F Bader, MKM Bae, S Baer, AM Bagnasco, S Baird, J Ball, M Ballardin, G Ballmer, SW Bals, A Balsamo, A Baltus, G Banagiri, S Bankar, D Bankar, RS Barayoga, JC Barbieri, C Barish, BC Barker, D Barneo, P Barnum, S Barone, F Barr, B Barsotti, L Barsuglia, M Barta, D Bartlett, J Bartos, I Bassiri, R Basti, A Bawaj, M Bayley, JC Bazzan, M Becher, BR Bécsy, B Bedakihale, VM Bejger, M Belahcene, I Beniwal, D Benjamin, MG Bennett, TF Bentley, JD Bergamin, F Berger, BK Bergmann, G Bernuzzi, S Berry, CPL Bersanetti, D Bertolini, A Betzwieser, J Bhandare, R Bhandari, AV Bhattacharjee, D Bidler, J Bilenko, IA Billingsley, G Birney, R Birnholtz, O Biscans, S Bischi, M Biscoveanu, S Bisht, A Bitossi, M Bizouard, M-A Blackburn, JK Blackman, J Blair, CD Blair, DG Blair, RM Blanch, O Bobba, F Bode, N Boer, M Boetzel, Y Bogaert, G Boldrini, M Bondu, F Bonilla, E Bonnand, R Booker, P Boom, BA Bork, R Boschi, V Bose, S Bossilkov, V Boudart, V Bouffanais, Y Bozzi, A Bradaschia, C Brady, PR Bramley, A Branchesi, M Brau, JE Breschi, M Briant, T Briggs, JH Brighenti, F Brillet, A Brinkmann, M Brockill, P Brooks, AF Brooks, J Brown, DD Brunett, S Bruno, G Bruntz, R Buikema, A Bulik, T Bulten, HJ Buonanno, A Buscicchio, R Buskulic, D Byer, RL Cabero, M Cadonati, L Caesar, M Cagnoli, G Cahillane, C Calderón Bustillo, J Callaghan, JD Callister, TA Calloni, E Camp, JB Canepa, M Cannon, KC Cao, H Cao, J Carapella, G Carbognani, F Carney, MF Carpinelli, M Carullo, G Carver, TL Casanueva Diaz, J Casentini, C Caudill, S Cavaglià, M Cavalier, F Cavalieri, R Cella, G Cerdá-Durán, P Cesarini, E Chaibi, W Chakravarti, K Chan, C-L Chan, C Chandra, K Chanial, P Chao, S Charlton, P Chase, EA Chassande-Mottin, E Chatterjee, D Chattopadhyay, D Chaturvedi, M Chatziioannou, K Chen, A Chen, HY Chen, X Chen, Y Cheng, H-P Cheong, CK Chia, HY Chiadini, F Chierici, R Chincarini, A Chiummo, A Cho, G Cho, HS Cho, M Choate, S Christensen, N Chu, Q Chua, S Chung, KW Chung, S Ciani, G Ciecielag, P Cieślar, M Cifaldi, M Ciobanu, AA Ciolfi, R Cipriano, F Cirone, A Clara, F Clark, EN Clark, JA Clarke, L Clearwater, P Clesse, S Cleva, F Coccia, E Cohadon, P-F Cohen, DE Colleoni, M Collette, CG Collins, C Colpi, M Constancio, M Conti, L Cooper, SJ Corban, P Corbitt, TR Cordero-Carrión, I Corezzi, S Corley, KR Cornish, N Corre, D Corsi, A Cortese, S Costa, CA Cotesta, R Coughlin, MW Coughlin, SB Coulon, J-P Countryman, ST Couvares, P Covas, PB Coward, DM Cowart, MJ Coyne, DC Coyne, R Creighton, JDE Creighton, TD Croquette, M Crowder, SG Cudell, JR Cullen, TJ Cumming, A Cummings, R Cunningham, L Cuoco, E Curylo, M Dal Canton, T Dálya, G Dana, A DaneshgaranBajastani, LM D’Angelo, B Danilishin, SL D’Antonio, S Danzmann, K Darsow-Fromm, C Dasgupta, A Datrier, LEH Dattilo, V Dave, I Davier, M Davies, GS Davis, D Daw, EJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3780-5430 Dean, R DeBra, D Deenadayalan, M Degallaix, J De Laurentis, M Deléglise, S Del Favero, V De Lillo, F De Lillo, N Del Pozzo, W DeMarchi, LM De Matteis, F D’Emilio, V Demos, N Denker, T Dent, T Depasse, A De Pietri, R De Rosa, R De Rossi, C DeSalvo, R de Varona, O Dhurandhar, S Díaz, MC Diaz-Ortiz, M Didio, NA Dietrich, T Di Fiore, L DiFronzo, C Di Giorgio, C Di Giovanni, F Di Giovanni, M Di Girolamo, T Di Lieto, A Ding, B Di Pace, S Di Palma, I Di Renzo, F Divakarla, AK Dmitriev, A Doctor, Z D’Onofrio, L Donovan, F Dooley, KL Doravari, S Dorrington, I Downes, TP Drago, M Driggers, JC Du, Z Ducoin, J-G Dupej, P Durante, O D’Urso, D Duverne, P-A Dwyer, SE Easter, PJ Eddolls, G Edelman, B Edo, TB Edy, O Effler, A Eichholz, J Eikenberry, SS Eisenmann, M Eisenstein, RA Ejlli, A Errico, L Essick, RC Estellés, H Estevez, D Etienne, ZB Etzel, T Evans, M Evans, TM Ewing, BE Fafone, V Fair, H Fairhurst, S Fan, X Farah, AM Farinon, S Farr, B Farr, WM Fauchon-Jones, EJ Favata, M Fays, M Fazio, M Feicht, J Fejer, MM Feng, F Fenyvesi, E Ferguson, DL Fernandez-Galiana, A Ferrante, I Ferreira, TA Fidecaro, F Figura, P Fiori, I Fiorucci, D Fishbach, M Fisher, RP Fishner, JM Fittipaldi, R Fitz-Axen, M Fiumara, V Flaminio, R Floden, E Flynn, E Fong, H Font, JA Forsyth, PWF Fournier, J-D Frasca, S Frasconi, F Frei, Z Freise, A Frey, R Frey, V Fritschel, P Frolov, VV Fronzé, GG Fulda, P Fyffe, M Gabbard, HA Gadre, BU Gaebel, SM Gair, JR Gais, J Galaudage, S Gamba, R Ganapathy, D Ganguly, A Gaonkar, SG Garaventa, B García-Quirós, C Garufi, F Gateley, B Gaudio, S Gayathri, V Gemme, G Gennai, A George, D George, J Gergely, L Ghonge, S Ghosh, A Ghosh, A Ghosh, S Giacomazzo, B Giacoppo, L Giaime, JA Giardina, KD Gibson, DR Gier, C Gill, K Giri, P Glanzer, J Gleckl, AE Godwin, P Goetz, E Goetz, R Gohlke, N Goncharov, B González, G Gopakumar, A Gossan, SE Gosselin, M Gouaty, R Grace, B Grado, A Granata, M Granata, V Grant, A Gras, S Grassia, P Gray, C Gray, R Greco, G Green, AC Green, R Gretarsson, EM Griggs, HL Grignani, G Grimaldi, A Grimes, E Grimm, SJ Grote, H Grunewald, S Gruning, P Guerrero, JG Guidi, GM Guimaraes, AR Guixé, G Gulati, HK Guo, Y Gupta, A Gupta, A Gupta, P Gustafson, EK Gustafson, R Guzman, F Haegel, L Halim, O Hall, ED Hamilton, EZ Hammond, G Haney, M Hanke, MM Hanks, J Hanna, C Hannuksela, OA Hannuksela, O Hansen, H Hansen, TJ Hanson, J Harder, T Hardwick, T Haris, K Harms, J Harry, GM Harry, IW Hartwig, D Hasskew, RK Haster, C-J Haughian, K Hayes, FJ Healy, J Heidmann, A Heintze, MC Heinze, J Heinzel, J Heitmann, H Hellman, F Hello, P Helmling-Cornell, AF Hemming, G Hendry, M Heng, IS Hennes, E Hennig, J Hennig, MH Hernandez Vivanco, F Heurs, M Hild, S Hill, P Hines, AS Hochheim, S Hofgard, E Hofman, D Hohmann, JN Holgado, AM Holland, NA Hollows, IJ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-6459 Holmes, ZJ Holt, K Holz, DE Hopkins, P Horst, C Hough, J Howell, EJ Hoy, CG Hoyland, D Huang, Y Hübner, MT Huddart, AD Huerta, EA Hughey, B Hui, V Husa, S Huttner, SH Hutzler, BM Huxford, R Huynh-Dinh, T Idzkowski, B Iess, A Imperato, S Inchauspe, H Ingram, C Intini, G Isi, M Iyer, BR JaberianHamedan, V Jacqmin, T Jadhav, SJ Jadhav, SP James, AL Jani, K Janssens, K Janthalur, NN Jaranowski, P Jariwala, D Jaume, R Jenkins, AC Jeunon, M Jiang, J Johns, GR Jones, AW Jones, DI Jones, JD Jones, P Jones, R Jonker, RJG Ju, L Junker, J Kalaghatgi, CV Kalogera, V Kamai, B Kandhasamy, S Kang, G Kanner, JB Kapadia, SJ Kapasi, DP Karathanasis, C Karki, S Kashyap, R Kasprzack, M Kastaun, W Katsanevas, S Katsavounidis, E Katzman, W Kawabe, K Kéfélian, F Keitel, D Key, JS Khadka, S Khalili, FY Khan, I Khan, S Khazanov, EA Khetan, N Khursheed, M Kijbunchoo, N Kim, C Kim, GJ Kim, JC Kim, K Kim, WS Kim, Y-M Kimball, C King, PJ Kinley-Hanlon, M Kirchhoff, R Kissel, JS Kleybolte, L Klimenko, S Knowles, TD Knyazev, E Koch, P Koehlenbeck, SM Koekoek, G Koley, S Kolstein, M Komori, K Kondrashov, V Kontos, A Koper, N Korobko, M Korth, WZ Kovalam, M Kozak, DB Krämer, C Kringel, V Krishnendu, NV Królak, A Kuehn, G Kumar, A Kumar, P Kumar, R Kumar, R Kuns, K Kwang, S Lackey, BD Laghi, D Lalande, E Lam, TL Lamberts, A Landry, M Lane, BB Lang, RN Lange, J Lantz, B Lanza, RK La Rosa, I Lartaux-Vollard, A Lasky, PD Laxen, M Lazzarini, A Lazzaro, C Leaci, P Leavey, S Lecoeuche, YK Lee, HM Lee, HW Lee, J Lee, K Lehmann, J Leon, E Leroy, N Letendre, N Levin, Y Li, A Li, J Li, KJL Li, TGF Li, X Linde, F Linker, SD Linley, JN Littenberg, TB Liu, J Liu, X Llorens-Monteagudo, M Lo, RKL Lockwood, A London, LT Longo, A Lorenzini, M Loriette, V Lormand, M Losurdo, G Lough, JD Lousto, CO Lovelace, G Lück, H Lumaca, D Lundgren, AP Ma, Y Macas, R MacInnis, M Macleod, DM MacMillan, IAO Macquet, A Magaña Hernandez, I Magaña-Sandoval, F Magazzù, C Magee, RM Majorana, E Maksimovic, I Maliakal, S Malik, A Man, N Mandic, V Mangano, V Mansell, GL Manske, M Mantovani, M Mapelli, M Marchesoni, F Marion, F Márka, S Márka, Z Markakis, C Markosyan, AS Markowitz, A Maros, E Marquina, A Marsat, S Martelli, F Martin, IW Martin, RM Martinez, M Martinez, V Martynov, DV Masalehdan, H Mason, K Massera, E Masserot, A Massinger, TJ Masso-Reid, M Mastrogiovanni, S Matas, A Mateu-Lucena, M Matichard, F Matiushechkina, M Mavalvala, N Maynard, E McCann, JJ McCarthy, R McClelland, DE McCormick, S McCuller, L McGuire, SC McIsaac, C McIver, J McManus, DJ McRae, T McWilliams, ST Meacher, D Meadors, GD Mehmet, M Mehta, AK Melatos, A Melchor, DA Mendell, G Menendez-Vazquez, A Mercer, RA Mereni, L Merfeld, K Merilh, EL Merritt, JD Merzougui, M Meshkov, S Messenger, C Messick, C Metzdorff, R Meyers, PM Meylahn, F Mhaske, A Miani, A Miao, H Michaloliakos, I Michel, C Middleton, H Milano, L Miller, AL Miller, S Millhouse, M Mills, JC Milotti, E Milovich-Goff, MC Minazzoli, O Minenkov, Y Mir, LM Mishkin, A Mishra, C Mistry, T Mitra, S Mitrofanov, VP Mitselmakher, G Mittleman, R Mo, G Mogushi, K Mohapatra, SRP Mohite, SR Molina, I Molina-Ruiz, M Mondin, M Montani, M Moore, CJ Moraru, D Morawski, F Moreno, G Morisaki, S Mours, B Mow-Lowry, CM Mozzon, S Muciaccia, F Mukherjee, A Mukherjee, D Mukherjee, S Mukherjee, S Mukund, N Mullavey, A Munch, J Muñiz, EA Murray, PG Nadji, SL Nagar, A Nardecchia, I Naticchioni, L Nayak, RK Neil, BF Neilson, J Nelemans, G Nelson, TJN Nery, M Neunzert, A Ng, KY Ng, S Nguyen, C Nguyen, P Nguyen, T Nichols, SA Nissanke, S Nocera, F Noh, M North, C Nothard, D Nuttall, LK Oberling, J O’Brien, BD O’Dell, J Oganesyan, G Ogin, GH Oh, JJ Oh, SH Ohme, F Ohta, H Okada, MA Olivetto, C Oppermann, P Oram, RJ O’Reilly, B Ormiston, RG Ormsby, N Ortega, LF O’Shaughnessy, R Ossokine, S Osthelder, C Ottaway, DJ Overmier, H Owen, BJ Pace, AE Pagano, G Page, MA Pagliaroli, G Pai, A Pai, SA Palamos, JR Palashov, O Palomba, C Pan, H Panda, PK Pang, TH Pankow, C Pannarale, F Pant, BC Paoletti, F Paoli, A Paolone, A Parker, W Pascucci, D Pasqualetti, A Passaquieti, R Passuello, D Patel, M Patricelli, B Payne, E Pechsiri, TC Pedraza, M Pegoraro, M Pele, A Penn, S Perego, A Perez, CJ Périgois, C Perreca, A Perriès, S Petermann, J Petterson, D Pfeiffer, HP Pham, KA Phukon, KS Piccinni, OJ Pichot, M Piendibene, M Piergiovanni, F Pierini, L Pierro, V Pillant, G Pilo, F Pinard, L Pinto, IM Piotrzkowski, K Pirello, M Pitkin, M Placidi, E Plastino, W Pluchar, C Poggiani, R Polini, E Pong, DYT Ponrathnam, S Popolizio, P Porter, EK Poverman, A Powell, J Pracchia, M Prajapati, AK Prasai, K Prasanna, R Pratten, G Prestegard, T Principe, M Prodi, GA Prokhorov, L Prosposito, P Puecher, A Punturo, M Puosi, F Puppo, P Pürrer, M Qi, H Quetschke, V Quinonez, PJ Quitzow-James, R Raab, FJ Raaijmakers, G Radkins, H Radulesco, N Raffai, P Rafferty, H Rail, SX Raja, S Rajan, C Rajbhandari, B Rakhmanov, M Ramirez, KE Ramirez, TD Ramos-Buades, A Rana, J Rao, K Rapagnani, P Rapol, UD Ratto, B Raymond, V Razzano, M Read, J Regimbau, T Rei, L Reid, S Reitze, DH Rettegno, P Ricci, F Richardson, CJ Richardson, JW Richardson, L Ricker, PM Riemenschneider, G Riles, K Rizzo, M Robertson, NA Robinet, F Rocchi, A Rocha, JA Rodriguez, S Rodriguez-Soto, RD Rolland, L Rollins, JG Roma, VJ Romanelli, M Romano, R Romel, CL Romero, A Romero-Shaw, IM Romie, JH Ronchini, S Rose, CA Rose, D Rose, K Rosell, MJB Rosińska, D Rosofsky, SG Ross, MP Rowan, S Rowlinson, SJ Roy, S Roy, S Ruggi, P Ryan, K Sachdev, S Sadecki, T Sakellariadou, M Salafia, OS Salconi, L Saleem, M Samajdar, A Sanchez, EJ Sanchez, JH Sanchez, LE Sanchis-Gual, N Sanders, JR Santiago, KA Santos, E Saravanan, TR Sarin, N Sassolas, B Sathyaprakash, BS Sauter, O Savage, RL Savant, V Sawant, D Sayah, S Schaetzl, D Schale, P Scheel, M Scheuer, J Schindler-Tyka, A Schmidt, P Schnabel, R Schofield, RMS Schönbeck, A Schreiber, E Schulte, BW Schutz, BF Schwarm, O Schwartz, E Scott, J Scott, SM Seglar-Arroyo, M Seidel, E Sellers, D Sengupta, AS Sennett, N Sentenac, D Sequino, V Sergeev, A Setyawati, Y Shaffer, T Shahriar, MS Sharifi, S Sharma, A Sharma, P Shawhan, P Shen, H Shikauchi, M Shink, R Shoemaker, DH Shoemaker, DM Shukla, K ShyamSundar, S Sieniawska, M Sigg, D Singer, LP Singh, D Singh, N Singha, A Singhal, A Sintes, AM Sipala, V Skliris, V Slagmolen, BJJ Slaven-Blair, TJ Smetana, J Smith, JR Smith, RJE Somala, SN Son, EJ Soni, S Sorazu, B Sordini, V Sorrentino, F Sorrentino, N Soulard, R Souradeep, T Sowell, E Spencer, AP Spera, M Srivastava, AK Srivastava, V Staats, K Stachie, C Steer, DA Steinke, M Steinlechner, J Steinlechner, S Steinmeyer, D Stevenson, SP Stolle-McAllister, G Stops, DJ Stover, M Strain, KA Stratta, G Strunk, A Sturani, R Stuver, AL Südbeck, J Sudhagar, S Sudhir, V Suh, HG Summerscales, TZ Sun, H Sun, L Sunil, S Sur, A Suresh, J Sutton, PJ Swinkels, BL Szczepańczyk, MJ Tacca, M Tait, SC Talbot, C Tanasijczuk, AJ Tanner, DB Tao, D Tapia, A Tapia San Martin, EN Tasson, JD Taylor, R Tenorio, R Terkowski, L Thirugnanasambandam, MP Thomas, L Thomas, M Thomas, P Thompson, JE Thondapu, SR Thorne, KA Thrane, E Tiwari, S Tiwari, S Tiwari, V Toland, K Tolley, AE Tonelli, M Tornasi, Z Torres-Forné, A Torrie, CI Tosta e Melo, I Töyrä, D Tran, AT Trapananti, A Travasso, F Traylor, G Tringali, MC Tripathee, A Trovato, A Trudeau, RJ Tsai, DS Tsang, KW Tse, M Tso, R Tsukada, L Tsuna, D Tsutsui, T Turconi, M Ubhi, AS Udall, RP Ueno, K Ugolini, D Unnikrishnan, CS Urban, AL Usman, SA Utina, AC Vahlbruch, H Vajente, G Vajpeyi, A Valdes, G Valentini, M Valsan, V van Bakel, N Beuzekom, MV van den Brand, JFJ Van Den Broeck, C Vander-Hyde, DC van der Schaaf, L van Heijningen, JV Vardaro, M Vargas, AF Varma, V Vass, S Vasúth, M Vecchio, A Vedovato, G Veitch, J Veitch, PJ Venkateswara, K Venneberg, J Venugopalan, G Verkindt, D Verma, Y Veske, D Vetrano, F Viceré, A Viets, AD Villa-Ortega, V Vinet, J-Y Vitale, S Vo, T Vocca, H Vorvick, C Vyatchanin, SP Wade, AR Wade, LE Wade, M Walet, RC Walker, M Wallace, GS Wallace, L Walsh, S Wang, JZ Wang, S Wang, WH Wang, YF Ward, RL Warner, J Was, M Washington, NY Watchi, J Weaver, B Wei, L Weinert, M Weinstein, AJ Weiss, R Wellmann, F Wen, L Weßels, P Westhouse, JW Wette, K Whelan, JT White, DD White, LV Whiting, BF Whittle, C Wilken, DM Williams, D Williams, MJ Williamson, AR Willis, JL Willke, B Wilson, DJ Wimmer, MH Winkler, W Wipf, CC Woan, G Woehler, J Wofford, JK Wong, ICF Wrangel, J Wright, JL Wu, DS Wysocki, DM Xiao, L Yamamoto, H Yang, L Yang, Y Yang, Z Yap, MJ Yeeles, DW Yoon, A Yu, H Yu, H Yuen, SHR Zadrożny, A Zanolin, M Zelenova, T Zendri, J-P Zevin, M Zhang, J Zhang, L Zhang, R Zhang, T Zhao, C Zhao, G Zhou, M Zhou, Z Zhu, XJ Zimmerman, AB Zucker, ME Zweizig, J
Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information:	© 2021 The Author(s). Published by The American Astronomical Society. Content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.
Dates:	Accepted: 24 February 2021 Published (online): 19 May 2021 Published: 1 May 2021
Institution:	The University of Sheffield
Academic Units:	The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield)
Depositing User:	Symplectic Sheffield
Date Deposited:	17 Jun 2022 08:05
Last Modified:	17 Jun 2022 08:05
Status:	Published
Publisher:	IOP Publishing (on behalf of the American Astronomical Society)
Refereed:	Yes
Identification Number:	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/abe949

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