Spin fluctuation anisotropy as a probe of orbital-selective hole-electron quasiparticle excitations in detwinned Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2

We use inelastic neutron scattering to study spin excitation anisotropy in mechanically detwinned Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 with x=0.048 and 0.054. Both samples exhibit a tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition at Ts, a collinear static antiferromagnetic order at wave vector Q1=QAF=(1,0) below the Neél temperature TN, and superconductivity below Tc (Ts>TN>Tc). In the high-temperature paramagnetic tetragonal phase (T≫Ts), spin excitations centered at Q1 and Q2=(0,1) are gapless and have fourfold (C4) rotational symmetry. On cooling to below TN but above Tc, spin excitations become highly anisotropic, developing a gap at Q2 but still are gapless at Q1. Upon entering into the superconducting state, a neutron spin resonance appears at Q1 with no magnetic scattering at Q2. By comparing these results with those from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments, we conclude that the anisotropic shift of the dyz and dxz bands in detwinned Ba(Fe1-xCox)2As2 below Ts is associated with the spin excitation anisotropy, and the superconductivity-induced resonance arises from the electron-hole Fermi surface nesting of quasiparticles with the dyz orbital characters.