Uptake and Digestion

Uptake relates to the term bioaccessibility, which is the fraction of a dose that is potentially available for absorption or uptake after digestion. Transcellular uptake can take place via two modes of transport: active and passive. The process of evaluation of digestion and uptake of bio-nanosystems in food containing bioactive compounds starts with the modeling of in vivo characteristics by using in vitro methods. Interactions within the food matrix before and after intake need further understanding to unravel the fate during digestion and absorption. The availability of the interior network for the incorporation of bioactive compounds can potentially increase uptake, absorption, and bioavailability. The rate and extent of lipid digestion also depends on other initial parameters, such as the emulsifier type, oil type and oil content used, and stability under gastrointestinal conditions. The emulsifier type can also have an impact on the interfacial stability upon digestion and permeability across the intestinal barrier.