Ship-Source Pollution as an Environmental Crime

Ship-source pollution has long been recognised as a problem requiring international cooperation, whether at international, European Union (EU) or regional level. It has led to the development by the EU of an integrated maritime surveillance system. The EU builds its framework on regional and international treaty frameworks. These developments provide a model for further developments for both territorially based environmental crime, and transnational surveillance frameworks more generally, an issue examined by Skleparis in Chapter 4 in the context of border policing. In addition, as discussed by Blasi Casagran in Chapter 6, Europol will be expressly tasked with dealing with ship-source pollution under the draft Europol Regulation.