Encoding bamboo’s nature for freeform structure design

Bamboo is a construction material that is renewable, environmentally friendly and widely available. It has long been used in various projects, ranging from temporary, easily assembled, and rectilinear structures to complex freeform pavilions. Design with bamboo has never been easy to architects and engineers due to its nature of shape irregularity and round section. This prompts the need to develop a new design process that can accommodate these properties which hinder bamboo to be used by designers. In this paper we take a close look at freeform structure design, and specifically demonstrate how systematically and algorithmically parametric modelling can be used to tackle bamboo material irregularities and bamboo-jointing challenges. A two-stage optimisation process is proposed to support a fabricable freeform structure design through encoding material properties and freeform shape optimisation. The approach approximates the given freeform shape using a finite set of unique bamboo elements while maintaining the aesthetical design intention. By limiting the number of bamboo elements, it will provide insight to both designers and engineers on the efficiency and cost benefits of producing required structure elements for the final assembly.