Stability evaluation and prediction of the Dongla reactivated ancient landslide as well as emergency mitigation for the Dongla Bridge

The Dongla Bridge, Muli County, China, is a key access road between counties in Sichuan Province and the only traffic facility for an important 500-kV electricity substation which provides power to nearby counties. In June 2011, during the bridge construction, an unknown landslide, subsequently named the Dongla Ancient Landslide (DAL), was encountered. Local reactivation of a portion of the DAL, termed the Dongla Reactivated Landslide (DRL), was indicated by evident ground deformation at the Dongla Bridge. In spite of this, transportation of some heavy electrical equipment to the substation was scheduled on 9 May 2013. So, to guarantee the stability and security of the bridge became a primary emergency task. Detailed field investigations of the landslide occurrence, monitoring and emergency mitigation construction were carried out in the period between 2011 and 2014. This resulted in a temporary stabilization of the revived landslide and ensured the timely transportation of the heavy electrical equipment. It is thought that the revival mechanism of the DRL is creep, translational sliding, and was mainly triggered by artificial slope-cutting, but also influenced by precipitation, river erosion, and man-made activities in the form of small-scale mining operations. Following complete failure of the DRL, the probability of landslide-dam and dam breach is proved to be small by risk analyses. This paper can provide an insight into the problems associated with the interaction between the human structures and landslide instabilities.