Informal housing, gender, crime and violence: the role of design in urban South Africa

Violence and crime in countries such as South Africa are shaped by deep socio-economic inequalities, however, the spatial designs of urban areas and housing also play a role, but often in differing ways. There is little qualitatively-derived research published on the design realities of poor informal housing where the hyper-permeability of housing structures directly shapes residents’ experiences of crime, often in gendered ways. This paper speaks to the wider literature on Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED), and applauds its recognition of the role of wider social factors in shaping crime and prevention, arguing that socio-political factors are critical too in the South African case. However this paper calls for a fuller analysis of the particular material and design realities of informal housing, realities which are ever-present across the global South, which in practice can undermine efforts towards target hardening. Key words: informal housing, design, violence, gender, South Africa