Endogenous money, circuits, and financialization

The paper locates the endogenous money approach in a circuitist framework. It argues for the significance of the credit creation process for the evolution of the economy and the absence of any notion of ‘neutrality of money’. Clearing banks are distinguished from other financial institutions as the providers of initial finance in a circuit whereas other financial institutions operate in a final finance circuit. Financialisation is here viewed in terms of the growth of financial assets and liabilities, of non-bank financial institutions and changes in the predominant flow of funds between firms, households and rentiers. Some of the issues for the way in which the circuit analysis is developed are considered.