Chen, Y., Clark, S.J., Leung, C.L.A.. et al. (7 more authors) (2020) In-situ synchrotron imaging of keyhole mode multi-layer laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing. Applied Materials Today, 20. 100650. ISSN 2352-9407
Abstract
The keyhole mode in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing can be associated with excessive porosity and spatter, however, the underlying physics in multilayer build conditions remain unclear. Here, we used ultra-fast synchrotron X-ray imaging to reveal this phenomena. We in investigated melt pool dynamics, keyhole porosity and spatter formation mechanisms and their impact in all layers of the build. We observed that the transient melt pool dynamics associated with the keyhole include: (I) keyhole initiation, (II) keyhole development, and (III) melt pool recovery. Porosity and spatter were associated with stages (II) and (III). We also discovered that droplet spatter can form due to the collapse of the keyhole recoil zone, causing molten particle agglomeration and ejection during stage (III). Our results clarify the transient dynamics behind the keyhole mode in a multi-layer LBPF process and can be used to guide the reduction in porosity and spatter in additive manufacturing.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Applied Materials Today. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
Keywords: | Additive manufacturing; laser powder bed fusion; Keyhole mode; Synchrotron X-ray imaging |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Engineering (Sheffield) > Department of Materials Science and Engineering (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council EP/P006566/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 12 May 2020 10:24 |
Last Modified: | 07 May 2021 00:40 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Elsevier BV |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100650 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:160634 |
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