Routledge, T.J., Stringer, M., Game, O.S. et al. (8 more authors) (2019) Low-temperature, high-speed reactive deposition of metal oxides for perovskite solar cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 7 (5). pp. 2283-2290. ISSN 2050-7488
Abstract
Nickel oxide (NiO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) charge-extraction layers are fabricated under a partial pressure of O2 from nickel and titanium metals using a reactive electron-beam evaporation process. Using such materials, inverted architecture perovskite solar cells incorporating a NiO hole-transport layer achieve power conversion efficiencies up to 15.8%, whilst standard architecture devices using a TiO2 electron-transport layer achieve a power conversion efficiency up to 13.9%. Critically, we find that such metal oxides can be deposited at high speed (nm s−1) and at low substrate-temperature, and do not require a high-temperature anneal step after deposition, making reactive electron-beam evaporation compatible with roll-to-roll processing on sensitive flexible polymeric substrates.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Journal of Materials Chemistry A. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > Department of Physics and Astronomy (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 05 Feb 2019 13:08 |
Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2020 01:39 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ta10827g |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Royal Society of Chemistry |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1039/c8ta10827g |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:142024 |