Knight, G.M., Clarkson, M. and de Silva, T.I. orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-9212 (2018) Potential impact of influenza vaccine roll-out on antibiotic use in Africa. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 73 (8). pp. 2197-2200. ISSN 0305-7453
Abstract
Background Influenza infections result in both inappropriate and appropriate antibiotic prescribing. There is a huge burden of both influenza and infections caused by antimicrobial-resistant pathogens in Africa. Influenza vaccines have the potential to reduce appropriate antibiotic use, through reduction of secondary bacterial infections, as well as to reduce levels of influenza misdiagnosed and treated as a bacterial infection (inappropriate). Objectives To estimate potential reductions in antibiotic use that are achievable by introducing an influenza vaccine into various African settings. Methods Influenza incidence was combined with population size, vaccine and health system characteristics. Results We estimated that the direct impact of vaccination could avert more than 390 prescriptions per 100 000 population per year if a 50% efficacious influenza vaccine at 30% coverage was introduced to adults >65 years old in South Africa or children 2–5 years old in Senegal. Across Africa, purely through reducing the number of severe acute respiratory infections, the same vaccine characteristics could avert at least 24 000 antibiotic prescriptions per year if given to children <5 years old. Conclusions The introduction of an influenza vaccine into multiple African settings could have a dramatic indirect impact on antibiotic usage. Our values are limited underestimates, capturing only the direct impact of vaccination in a few settings and risk groups. This is owing to the huge lack of epidemiological information on antibiotic use and influenza in Africa. However, it is likely that influenza vaccination in Africa could substantially impact antibiotic usage in addition to influenza-related mortality and morbidity.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
Keywords: | Antibiotics; influenza; Africa; child; influenza vaccines; vaccination; vaccines; prescribing behavior |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health (Sheffield) |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 04 Mar 2019 16:58 |
Last Modified: | 04 Mar 2019 16:58 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dky172 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1093/jac/dky172 |
Related URLs: | |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:141769 |
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