Johnson, M.P. orcid.org/0000-0002-1663-0205 (2016) Photosynthesis. Essays In Biochemistry, 60 (3). pp. 255-273. ISSN 0071-1365
Abstract
Photosynthesis sustains virtually all life on planet Earth providing the oxygen we breathe and the food we eat; it forms the basis of global food chains and meets the majority of humankind's current energy needs through fossilized photosynthetic fuels. The process of photosynthesis in plants is based on two reactions that are carried out by separate parts of the chloroplast. The light reactions occur in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane and involve the splitting of water into oxygen, protons and electrons. The protons and electrons are then transferred through the thylakoid membrane to create the energy storage molecules adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinomide–adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). The ATP and NADPH are then utilized by the enzymes of the Calvin–Benson cycle (the dark reactions), which converts CO2 into carbohydrate in the chloroplast stroma. The basic principles of solar energy capture, energy, electron and proton transfer and the biochemical basis of carbon fixation are explained and their significance is discussed.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016 The Author(s) This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution Licence 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Biosciences (Sheffield) > Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES RESEARCH COUNCIL (BBSRC) BB/M000265/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 03 Jan 2017 11:52 |
Last Modified: | 03 Jan 2017 11:52 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1042/EBC20160016 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Portland Press |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1042/EBC20160016 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:109843 |