Gyenge, N., Ballai, I. and Baranyi, T. (2016) Statistical study of spatio-temporal distribution of precursor solar flares associated with major flares. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 459 (4). pp. 3532-3539. ISSN 0035-8711
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation is to study the spatio-temporal distribution of precursor flares during the 24 h interval preceding M- and X-class major flares and the evolution of follower flares. Information on associated (precursor and follower) flares is provided by Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI). Flare list, while the major flares are observed by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system satellites between 2002 and 2014. There are distinct evolutionary differences between the spatio-temporal distributions of associated flares in about one-day period depending on the type of the main flare. The spatial distribution was characterized by the normalized frequency distribution of the quantity δ (the distance between the major flare and its precursor flare normalized by the sunspot group diameter) in four 6 h time intervals before the major event. The precursors of X-class flares have a double-peaked spatial distribution for more than half a day prior to the major flare, but it changes to a lognormal-like distribution roughly 6 h prior to the event. The precursors of M-class flares show lognormal-like distribution in each 6 h subinterval. The most frequent sites of the precursors in the active region are within a distance of about 0.1 diameter of sunspot group from the site of the major flare in each case. Our investigation shows that the build-up of energy is more effective than the release of energy because of precursors.
Metadata
Item Type: | Article |
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Authors/Creators: |
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Copyright, Publisher and Additional Information: | © 2016 The Authors. This is an author produced version of a paper subsequently published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. |
Keywords: | Sun: activity; Sun: flares; Sun: magnetic fields; sunspots; Sun: X-rays, gamma-rays |
Dates: |
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Institution: | The University of Sheffield |
Academic Units: | The University of Sheffield > Faculty of Science (Sheffield) > School of Mathematics and Statistics (Sheffield) |
Funding Information: | Funder Grant number LEVERHULME TRUST (THE) IN-2014-016 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FACILITIES COUNCIL ST/M000826/1 |
Depositing User: | Symplectic Sheffield |
Date Deposited: | 30 Nov 2016 14:36 |
Last Modified: | 23 Mar 2018 14:51 |
Published Version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw859 |
Status: | Published |
Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
Refereed: | Yes |
Identification Number: | 10.1093/mnras/stw859 |
Open Archives Initiative ID (OAI ID): | oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:108710 |