Fabrication and Characterisation of Two-Layered Synthetic Titanium-Chitosan Bone Scaffolds

We have developed two-layered osteoconductive and antibacterial scaffolds, which mimic the natural structure of bone. The synthetic cortical (Type-1) biomaterials were fabricated from porous titanium embedded with 10% iron-doped brushite minerals. The trabecular (Type-2) biomaterials were fabricated from freeze-dried porous chitosan embedded with 10% iron-doped brushite and cerium oxide solution. The Type-1 and Type-2 biomaterials were conjoined during a freeze-drying process in a chamber maintained at −100 ℃ and 40 mTorr pressure; this approach aided the integration of the trabecular and cortical biomaterials, thus forming dual-layered scaffold. The two-layered scaffolds were characterised using Raman, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for their physicochemical and structural.